
Penetration testing firm trusted by nine of the top ten US banks, with the Resolve platform for continuous attack surface management.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act · North America
HIPAA establishes national standards for protecting sensitive patient health information (PHI) in the United States. The HIPAA Security Rule requires covered entities and business associates to implement technical safeguards to protect electronic PHI (ePHI).
While HIPAA does not explicitly mandate penetration testing, the Security Rule's requirements for risk analysis (45 CFR 164.308(a)(1)) and evaluation (45 CFR 164.308(a)(8)) strongly support regular penetration testing as a means of identifying and assessing risks to ePHI. The Office for Civil Rights (OCR), which enforces HIPAA, has increasingly emphasised the importance of security testing in enforcement actions and breach investigations.
Penetration testing helps healthcare organisations identify vulnerabilities in systems that store, process, or transmit ePHI, including electronic health record (EHR) systems, patient portals, medical devices, and healthcare APIs. Given the high value of medical records on the black market and the life-safety implications of healthcare system compromises, regular penetration testing is considered a best practice for HIPAA compliance.
Particularly relevant for Healthcare pen testing providers.

Penetration testing firm trusted by nine of the top ten US banks, with the Resolve platform for continuous attack surface management.
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HIPAA does not explicitly require penetration testing, but the Security Rule's risk analysis and evaluation requirements are best met through regular security testing including penetration testing. OCR has cited lack of security testing in enforcement actions.
Testing should cover all systems that create, receive, maintain, or transmit ePHI, including EHR systems, patient portals, medical devices, APIs, and network infrastructure.
Annual penetration testing is the recommended minimum, with additional testing after significant changes to systems handling ePHI. Many healthcare organisations test quarterly.